Lebensunwertes Leben（“不值得活下去的生命”）是历史上最可怕的词汇之一，纳粹德国用它来指定哪些人性命无关紧要，或者哪些人应该直接杀掉。这个词首先使用在精神残疾者的身上，后来是“劣等种族”、或者“性变态”、或者仅仅是国内和国外的“国家敌人”。从战争最早期开始，纳粹的政策就包括大规模杀害平民，尤其针对犹太人——后来成为战争中希特勒的“最后解决方案”——彻底灭绝犹太民族。从东线“特别行动队”的杀人小队在众多屠杀中杀害约100万人开始，到后来集中营囚徒被故意断绝食物和医疗，最后以死亡集中营——唯一目的就是大规模杀害并处理人群的政府设施而告终。1945年，随着推进的盟军部队开始发现大量集中营，他们发现了这些政策的后果：数十万饥饿生病的囚犯与数千具尸体关在一起。毒气室、大规模火葬场、数千个乱葬岗、可怕的医学试验记录等众多证据被逐步发现。纳粹以这种方式杀害了超过1000万人，包括600万犹太人。
One of the most horrific terms in history was used by Nazi Germany to designate human beings whose lives were unimportant, or those who should be killed outright: Lebensunwertes Leben, or "life unworthy of life". First applied to the mentally impaired, later to the "racially inferior", or "sexually deviant", or merely "enemies of the state" both internal and external. From very early in the war, part of Nazi policy was to murder civilians en masse, especially targeting Jews -- which later in the war became Hitler's "final solution", the complete extermination of the Jews. Beginning with Einsatzgruppen death squads in the East, killing some 1,000,000 people in numerous massacres, later in concentration camps where prisoners were actively denied proper food and health care, and ending with the construction of extermination camps -- government facilities whose entire purpose was the systematic murder and disposal of massive numbers of people. In 1945, as advancing Allied troops began discovering many camps, they found the results of these policies: hundreds of thousands of starving and sick prisoners locked in with more thousands of dead bodies. Evidence of gas chambers, high-volume crematoriums, thousands of mass graves, documentation of awful medical experimentation, and much more. The Nazis killed more than 10 million people in this manner, including 6 million Jews.

1945 年，达豪集中营获得解放，一位骨瘦如柴的18岁俄国少女看向镜头。达豪集中营始建于1933年，是德国第一座集中营。1933至1945年间，超过20万人被关押在这里，31591人被宣布死亡，大部分死于疾病、营养不良和自杀。与奥斯威辛不同，达豪并不是明确的死亡集中营，但这里的条件如此糟糕，以致每周都有数百人死亡。
An emaciated 18-year-old Russian girl looks into the camera lens during the liberation of Dachau concentration camp in 1945. Dachau was the first German concentration camp, opened in 1933. More than 200,000 people were detained between 1933 and 1945, and 31,591 deaths were declared, most from disease, malnutrition and suicide. Unlike Auschwitz, Dachau was not explicitly an extermination camp, but conditions were so horrific that hundreds died every week.

这张照片由巴黎大屠杀纪念馆提供，1941至1943年间某时，乌克兰文尼察的一次大屠杀中，一名德国士兵朝一名乌克兰犹太人开枪。照片背后写着标题“文尼察最后一个犹太人”，照片是从一名德军士兵的相册中发现的。
This photo provided by Paris' Holocaust Memorial shows a German soldier shooting a Ukrainian Jew during a mass execution in Vinnytsia, Ukraine, sometime between 1941 and 1943. This image is titled "The last Jew in Vinnitsa", the text that was written on the back of the photograph, which was found in a photo album belonging to a German soldier.

1943年，华沙犹太人区起义后，德军士兵盘问犹太人。1940年10月，德国人开始将波兰超过300万以上的犹太人口集中到拥挤不堪的犹太人区。在最大的犹太人区——华沙犹太人区中，数千犹太人在纳粹开始将他们从犹太人区大规模迁徙到特雷布林卡死亡集中营之前就已经死于肆虐的疾病和饥饿。华沙犹太人区起义发生于 1943年4月19日至5月16日，是欧洲反抗纳粹占领的第一起大规模城市起义，起义始于德国军警进入犹太人区，强行迁走还活着的居民。抵抗力量由于装备低劣和供给不足遭德军粉碎，起义失败。
German soldiers question Jews after the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943. In October 1940, the Germans began to concentrate Poland's population of over 3 million Jews into overcrowded ghettos. In the largest of these, the Warsaw Ghetto, thousands of Jews died due to rampant disease and starvation, even before the Nazis began their massive deportations from the ghetto to the Treblinka extermination camp. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising -- the first urban mass rebellion against the Nazi occupation of Europe -- took place from April 19 until May 16 1943, and began after German troops and police entered the ghetto to deport its surviving inhabitants. It ended when the poorly-armed and supplied resistance was crushed by German troops.

1943年，华沙犹太人区，一名男子运走死亡犹太人的尸体，人们由于饥饿倒毙街头。每天早上4点到5点，殡葬车从街上搜集十几具甚至更多尸体。死亡犹太人的尸体在深坑中被焚化。
A man carries away the bodies of dead Jews in the Ghetto of Warsaw in 1943, where people died of hunger in the streets. Every morning, about 4-5 A.M., funeral carts collected a dozen or more corpses from the streets. The bodies of the dead Jews were cremated in deep pits.

1943年4月19日的这张照片中，包括一个小男孩在内的一群犹太人被德军士兵从华沙犹太人区押送出来。这张照片是党卫军将军斯楚普向他的长官所呈交报告的内容之一，在1945年纽伦堡战争罪行审判中被作为证据提交。
A group of Jews, including a small boy, is escorted from the Warsaw Ghetto by German soldiers in this April 19, 1943 photo. The picture formed part of a report from SS Gen. Stroop to his Commanding Officer, and was introduced as evidence to the War Crimes trials in Nuremberg in 1945.

华沙犹太人区起义后，犹太人区被彻底摧毁。被捕的超过56000名犹太人中，约7000人遭枪决，其余的人被押解到杀人中心或集中营。这是犹太人区被德国党卫军炸塌后的遗迹。华沙犹太人区只存在了几年，期间约30万波兰犹太人在这里丧生。
After the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, the Ghetto was completely destroyed. Of the more than 56,000 Jews captured, about 7,000 were shot, and the remainder were deported to killing centers or concentration camps. This is a view of the remains of the ghetto, which the German SS dynamited to the ground. The Warsaw Ghetto only existed for a few years, and in that time, some 300,000 Polish Jews lost their lives there.

乌克兰 Mizocz，一次大屠杀后，一名穿着军装的德国人向一名犹太妇女开枪。1942年10月，Mizocz 犹太人区的 1700名居民与准备屠杀他们的乌克兰仆从军和德国警察进行战斗。起义最终被镇压前，约有一半居民在混乱中得以逃脱或躲避起来。被捕的幸存者被带到一座山谷中枪决。照片由巴黎大屠杀纪念馆提供。
A German in a military uniform shoots at a Jewish woman after a mass execution in Mizocz, Ukraine. In October of 1942, the 1,700 people in the Mizocz ghetto fought with Ukrainian auxiliaries and German policemen who had intended to liquidate the population. About half the residents were able to flee or hide during the confusion before the uprising was finally put down. The captured survivors were taken to a ravine and shot. Photo provided by Paris' Holocaust Memorial.

1942年，法国巴黎附近德朗西转运营被押解的犹太人，在他们到达德国集中营前的最后一站。1942年7月，约13152 名犹太人（包括4115名儿童）被法国警察部队围捕，从家中押往"Vel d'Hiv"——巴黎西南部的冬季自行车运动馆。他们随后被押往巴黎东北部的德朗西火车站，然后运往东部。只有极少数人活着回来。
Jewish deportees in the Drancy transit camp near Paris, France, in 1942, on their last stop before the German concentration camps. Some 13,152 Jews (including 4,115 children) were rounded up by French police forces, taken from their homes to the "Vel d'Hiv", or winter cycling stadium in southwestern Paris, in July of 1942. They were later taken to a rail terminal at Drancy, northeast of the French capital, and then deported to the east. Only a handful ever returned.

这张照片由荷兰阿姆斯特丹的安妮.弗兰克故居提供，拍摄的是1941年的安妮.弗兰克。1944年8月，安妮、她的家人以及其他躲避德国占领军安全部队的人们遭到德军逮捕，被运往一系列监狱和集中营。安妮15岁时在贝尔根—贝尔森集中营死于伤寒，但她去世后出版的日记使她成为二战中被杀害犹太人的象征。
Anne Frank poses in 1941 in this photo made available by Anne Frank House in Amsterdam, Netherlands. In August of 1944, Anne, her family and others who were hiding from the occupying German Security forces, were all captured and shipped off to a series of prisons and concentration camps. Anne died from typhus at age 15 in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, but her posthumously published diary has made her a symbol of all Jews killed in World War II.