日本偷袭珍珠港后不久，富兰克林.D.罗斯富总统签署了9066号行政命令，授权战争部长可以在美国全境指定军事区，军事区可以“禁止任何人或所有人进入。”尽管该命令并未以特定团体为目标，但它成了将约11万名日裔美国人——包括美国公民和非公民——大规模迁移并拘禁的法律基础。1943年3月，美国陆军西部防御司令部司令官约翰.L.德威特中将签署了几个公告，沿西海岸建立了大规模的隔离区，要求区内所有的日裔居民到平民集合中心报到。在很短的时间里，数千人被迫关闭生意、抛荒农场、放弃家园，搬进遥远的拘禁营——也称迁移中心。被拘禁的人里有些被遣返回日本，有些人搬到了隔离区外美国的其它地方，有些甚至报名参加了美军，但是大部分人只能沮丧无奈地忍受被拘禁的岁月。1944年1月，美国最高法院的一项判决中止了对美国公民的无理由抵押。隔离令被废除，日裔美国人开始离开拘禁园，大部分人回家重建家园。最后一个拘禁营于1946年关闭，到20世纪末，美国政府共向被拘禁者及其后人赔偿了16亿美元。

Shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, authorizing the secretary of war to designate military zones within the U.S. from which "any or all persons may be excluded." While the order was not targeted at any specific group, it became the basis for the mass relocation and internment of some 110,000 Americans of Japanese ancestry, including both U.S. citizens and non-citizens. In March 1942, Lieutenant General John L. DeWitt, commander of the U.S. Army Western Defense Command, issued several public proclamations which established a massive exclusion zone along the west coast and demanded that all persons of Japanese ancestry report to civilian assembly centers. On short notice, thousands were forced to close businesses, abandon farms and homes, and move into remote internment camps, also called relocation centers. Some of the detainees were repatriated to Japan, some moved to other parts of the U.S. outside of the exclusion zones, and a number even enlisted with the U.S. Army, but most simply endured their internment in frustrated resignation. In January 1944, a Supreme Court ruling halted the detention of U.S. citizens without cause. The exclusion order was rescinded, and the Japanese Americans began to leave the camps, most returning to rebuild their former lives. The last camp closed in 1946, and by the end of the 20th century some $1.6 billion in reparations were paid to detainees and their descendants by the U.S. government. See also color film of the camps in our video channel.

1943年，加利福尼亚州区文斯山谷，汤姆.小林站在曼赞纳迁移中心南面的农田里。著名摄影师安赛尔.亚当斯1943年来到曼赞纳，拍摄迁移中心和被拘禁在这里的日裔美国人。
Tom Kobayashi stands in the south fields of the Manzanar Relocation Center, at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, in California's Owens Valley, in 1943. Famed photographer Ansel Adams traveled to Manzanar in 1943 to document the Relocation Center and the Japanese Americans interned there.

1942年4月，加利福尼亚州奥克兰市，撤离令发布后，这家日裔美国人开办的商店被迫关闭。偷袭珍珠港后，店主在商店橱窗里放置了“我是美国人”的牌子。
This store owned by a man of Japanese ancestry is closed following evacuation orders in Oakland, California, in April of 1942. After the attack on Pearl Harbor the owner had placed the "I Am An American" sign in the store front window.

1942年2月3日，加利福尼亚州洛杉矶终点岛——重要的海军基地和选造中心，在两个便装男子的监视下，日裔外国人被从他们的家中带出来。约400名日裔男性外国人——都是终点岛居民——在早前的2月2日遭180名联邦和市县警官围捕。
Two plainclothes men, left, watch as Japanese aliens are removed from their homes on Terminal Island, a vital Naval and Shipbuilding center in Los Angeles, California, on February 3, 1942. Some 400 male Japanese aliens -- Terminal Island residents -- were rounded up early on February 2 by 180 federal, city and county officers.

加利福尼亚州旧金山市第一街和前街的交叉路口，砖墙上一份突袭隐蔽部的海报旁边，贴着隔离令，命令日裔美国人从被隔离令影响的旧金山第一处地区迁移出来。命令由J.L德威特中将于1942年4月1日签署，要求日裔美国人1942年4月7日中午前必须撤离该地区。
On a brick wall beside an air raid shelter poster, exclusion orders were posted at First and Front Streets in San Francisco, California, directing the removal of persons of Japanese ancestry from the first part of San Francisco to be affected by the evacuation. The order was issued April 1, 1942, by Lieutenant General J.L. DeWitt, and directed evacuation from this section by noon on April 7, 1942.

1942年4月25日，加利福尼亚州旧金山，根据第20号平民隔离令，日裔美国人家庭在设在日裔美国人社团大会堂的平民调度站外排成长队，听候处理。
Japanese heads of family and persons living alone form a line outside Civil Control Station located in the Japanese American Citizens League Auditorium in San Francisco, California, to appear for "processing" in response to Civilian Exclusion Order Number 20, on April 25, 1942

1942年3月27日，华盛顿州西雅图市，这两张照片显示了日裔撤离西雅图对一个二年级班级造成的影响。上图是有日裔小学生时的教室，下图是没了日裔学生的同一个班级。
How the evacuation of Japanese from Seattle would affect a second grade class in a local school is shown in these two views in Seattle, Washington, on March 27, 1942. At the top is a crowded classroom with many Japanese pupils and at the bottom is the same class without the Japanese students.

加利福尼亚州Mountain View农村的一处农舍，日裔农民在这里种植园艺作物。从这里和其它军事区撤离的人日后被迁至战争迁移部门开办的中心。
A farmhouse in a rural section of Mountain View, California, where farmers of Japanese ancestry raised market garden crops. Evacuees from this and other military areas were later moved to War Relocation Authority centers.

许多被撤离的孩子曾就读于加利福尼亚州旧金山市的拉裴尔.威尔公立中学。这张照片里的雷切尔.来海是其中一个，照片摄于1942年。
Many evacuated children attended Raphael Weill Public School, in San Francisco, California. Rachel Karumi, photographed here in 1942, will be among them.

1942年4月，日裔美国居民撤离前，旧金山唐人街的一家进口商T.Z.塩田的橱窗里贴着的告别信。最后一段写道：“在这个无辜的人被坏人牵连受古的撤离时刻，我们向你们——我们亲爱的朋友们——送上挚爱的莎士比亚的话：分离是如此甜蜜的忧伤。”
A farewell letter posted in a window of T.Z. Shiota, an importer in San Francisco's Chinatown, in April of 1942, prior to evacuation of residents of Japanese ancestry. The final paragraph reads: "At this hour of evacuation when the innocents suffer with the bad, we bid you, dear friends of ours, with the words of beloved Shakespeare, 'PARTING IS SUCH SWEET SORROW'."